Is 17 4 Stainless Steel Magnetic Properties Uses Guide - Vastmaterial

Is 17 4 Stainless Steel Magnetic Properties Uses Guide

Learn if 17-4 stainless steel is magnetic, how heat treatment affects it, and when to choose 17-4 PH over 304 or 316

Think all Edelstahl is non-magnetic? That’s where many engineers and buyers get tripped up—especially with 17-4 stainless steel.

Here’s the bottom line: 17-4 stainless steel is magnetic in every heat treatment condition. Whether you’re working with 17-4 PH, Type 630, or simply “17-4,” a magnet will stick to it because of its martensitic structure.

And that matters. If you’re designing for magnetic chucks, sensors, food processing lines, or environments that must stay cURL Too many subrequests. (like around MRI equipment), choosing the wrong grade can cost you time, money, and safety.

In this guide, you’ll quickly learn:

  • Why 17-4 stainless steel is magnetic (even though it contains nickel)
  • How Wärmebehandlung (H900, H1025, H1150) affects its magnetic properties
  • How 17-4 compares to non-magnetic grades like 304 und 316
  • When its magnetism is an advantage—and when you should avoid it

If you need high-strength, magnetic stainless with reliable quality and traceability, vastmaterial supplies premium 17-4 stainless steel in bars, plates, and custom parts tailored to demanding applications.

Let’s get straight into how 17-4 behaves—and whether it’s the right choice for your next project.

What Is 17-4 Stainless Steel?

17-4 stainless steel (also known as 17-4 PH, Type 630, oder UNS S17400cURL Too many subrequests.

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cURL Too many subrequests. 17-4 stainless steel bei:

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  • Castings and near-net shapes

Typical U.S. applications include:

  • Luft- und Raumfahrt: structural fittings, actuators, landing gear parts
  • cURL Too many subrequests.: pump shafts, valves, downhole tools
  • Maritime: high-strength hardware, propulsion components
  • Food and beverage: process equipment where strength + cleanability matter
  • General industrial: high-load shafts, gears, fixtures, and high-strength fasteners

Whenever you need a high-strength, corrosion-resistant, magnetic stainless steel, 17-4 PH stainless is one of the most efficient and widely available options in the market.

Is 17-4 Stainless Steel Magnetic?

Yes, 17-4 stainless steel is magnetic. It’s a martensitic precipitation-hardening (PH) stainless steel, so it behaves like other magnetic stainless grades and will clearly attract a magnet in normal shop conditions.

Why 17-4 PH Is a Magnetic Stainless Grade

17-4 (also known as 17-4 PH, Type 630, oder UNS S17400) has a martensitic structure, which is naturally ferromagnetic. Unlike austenitic grades like 304 and 316, 17-4 doesn’t rely on high nickel content to stay non-magnetic. Instead, its chemistry and heat treatment are designed for high strength and hardness, which also lock in that magnetic behavior.

How Strongly a Magnet Sticks to 17-4

In real-world use:

  • A basic shop magnet will grab 17-4 firmly—stronger than it does on 304 or 316.
  • On aged conditions (like H900 or H1025), the pull feels solid and positive, good enough for magnetic chucks, clamps, and fixtures.
  • Compared with low-carbon or austenitic stainless from a typical Edelstahlproduktportfolio, 17-4 will feel noticeably more magnetic.

Quick Magnet Test You Can Do

If you want to confirm whether your part is 17-4 stainless steel magnetic:

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cURL Too many subrequests. magnetic permeability of 17-4 stainless steel is:

  • High enough for strong magnetic attraction
  • Stable across typical shop temperatures
  • Suitable for most magnetic workholding und magnetic separation setups

You’ll usually notice:

  • Stronger pull than on 304/316
  • Similar or slightly lower pull than some straight 400-series stainless (like 410/420) depending on heat treatment

Bar vs plate vs machined parts

Magnetism in 17-4 PH is strong in all common product forms, but you may notice small differences:

Form Typical Magnetic Behavior
Hot-rolled / forged bar Strong, consistent attraction
Plate / sheet Strong; edge effects can slightly change feel
Precision machined parts Still strongly magnetic; geometry affects pull
Thin sections / small parts Feel “weaker” mainly due to small contact area

Key point: the base material is magnetic in all these forms. Any change you feel is usually due to part thickness, surface finish, or contact area, not a change in the alloy itself.

If you’re combining 17-4 with other steels or casting alloys in one assembly, it’s worth understanding how each material behaves magnetically and mechanically, similar to how you’d compare different alloys in a stainless steel casting process overview.

Why 17-4 PH Is Magnetic but Some Stainless Steels Are Not

When people ask, “Is 17-4 stainless steel magnetic?”, what they’re really bumping into is how different stainless steel families behave around a magnet.

Stainless steel families and magnetism

Most stainless steels fall into four main groups, and their magnetism follows their microstructure:

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That martensitic backbone is why 17-4 stainless steel is magnetic across its normal conditions (H900, H1025, H1150, etc.).

Microstructure: 17-4 vs 300 series (304, 316)

Here’s the simple comparison:

  • 17-4 PH (Type 630)
    • Microstructure: Martensitic + precipitates
    • Behavior: Clearly magnetic, strong pull with a standard shop magnet
    • Use case: High strength plus corrosion resistance where magnetism is OK or helpful
  • 304 / 316 austenitic stainless
    • Microstructure: Austenitisch (can pick up a bit of strain-induced martensite from cold work)
    • Behavior: Generally non-magnetic in annealed state, may become slightly magnetic after heavy forming or machining
    • Use case: Food equipment, medical, and general stainless applications where magnetism should be low

Wenn Sie investieren in stainless investment castings and need to control magnetism from the start, locking in the right grade and microstructure up front is critical. That’s where a process-focused partner with deep experience in stainless investment casting grades and properties can help you choose between 17-4, 304, 316, or other options based on both corrosion resistance and magnetic behavior (stainless investment casting process and grades overview).

17-4 Stainless vs 304 and 316: Magnetism and Trade-Offs

17-4 vs 304 Stainless Magnetic Comparison

17-4 PH stainless steel is strongly magnetic in all typical conditions. It’s a martensitic precipitation-hardening grade, so a magnet grabs it hard—similar to many carbon and tool steels.
304 stainless is mostly non-magnetic in annealed condition, but:

  • Cold-worked 304 (bent, stamped, or machined heavily) often shows light to moderate magnetism.
  • The magnet pull on 304 is usually much weaker cURL Too many subrequests.

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  • 17-4: cURL Too many subrequests.
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Wählen Sie 17-4 stainless steel cURL Too many subrequests. both magnetism and strength in one package:

  • Parts held on magnetic chucks or clamps (tooling, fixtures, workholding)
  • Rotating shafts, gears, couplings, pump parts where you want strong magnetic gripping during machining
  • High-strength components that still need stainless corrosion resistance and reliable magnetic response
  • Magnetic separation components where you want stainless that responds strongly to the magnetic field

Here, 304 and 316 are simply too weak magnetically for reliable magnetic workholding, especially on smaller or precision parts.

When to Avoid 17-4 and Stay with Fully Non-Magnetic Grades

You should gewährt use 17-4 if the spec or environment calls for non-magnetic stainless:

  • MRI rooms, medical implants, and surgical tools where magnetic attraction is a safety issue
  • Sensitive sensors, precision instruments, compasses, and lab equipment where magnetic fields can’t be disturbed
  • Electronics, avionics, and defense systems that are sensitive to stray magnetic fields
  • Any job drawing that calls out “fully austenitic, non-magnetic stainless” or explicitly points to 316L/304L for magnetic reasons

In those cases, stick with:

  • 316/316L or 304/304L in fully austenitic conditions
  • Specialty non-magnetic stainless or alloy systems designed for MRI and magnet-sensitive environments

Fazit:

  • Wenn Sie benötigen high strength + strong magnet pull → 17-4 PH is the right tool.
  • Wenn Sie benötigen corrosion first and near-zero magnetism → 316 (or other fully austenitic grades) is the safer choice.

Effect of Heat Treatment on 17-4 Stainless Steel Magnetic Behavior

Heat treatment changes the strength and hardness of 17-4 PH, but it does not turn it non-magnetic. cURL Too many subrequests.

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  • Clean a spot on the 17-4 surface (wipe off oil, scale, or dirt).
  • Touch the magnet directly to the metal.
  • Tilt and try to slide the magnet off.

If it “snaps” on and resists sliding, your 17-4 stainless steel is strongly magnetic. This is normal for martensitic precipitation-hardening grades like 17-4 PH (Type 630, UNS S17400).

If you’re doing shop inspections or incoming QC, you can pair this with more formal checks and basic material testing and quality methods like those outlined in our testing and quality control guide.

What strong vs weak magnetic pull feels like

Here’s what you’ll feel in your hand:

  • Strong pull (typical 17-4 PH)
    • Magnet “jumps” to the surface from a short distance.
    • Hard to slide off with your finger.
    • Takes a noticeable effort to pull straight off.
  • Weak pull (lightly magnetic stainless, some 304/316)
    • Magnet only grabs when it’s directly touching.
    • Slides easily with light finger pressure.
    • Feels more like it’s “sticking from friction” than true lock-on.

17-4 vs 304 vs 316 magnet pull

In real-world shop tests:

  • 17-4 stainless steel (magnetic)
    • Clear, strong attraction.
    • Behaves similar to many 400-series stainless grades.
  • 304 stainless (usually weakly magnetic or nearly non-magnetic)
    • Annealed 304 is often almost non-magnetic.
    • After forming or welding, it may show cURL Too many subrequests. magnetism, but nowhere near 17-4.
  • 316 stainless (more non-magnetic than 304 in most cases)
    • Typically very low magnetism in annealed condition.
    • Even when cold worked, still weaker than 17-4.

If your magnet sticks to one sample very hard (17-4) and just barely or not at all to another (304/316), you’re seeing the difference between martensitic precipitation-hardening und austenitic stainless.

Common testing mistakes to avoid

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For rotating equipment and power transmission, 17-4 PH stainless steel offers:

  • Magnetic stainless steel shafts and gears that can be held on magnetic chucks during machining
  • Pump shafts, impellers, and housings where both strength and magnetic workholding matter
    cURL Too many subrequests. high strength, hardness, and a strong magnetic pull cuts setup time and improves stability on the machine.

Oil & gas, aerospace, and marine

In tougher environments like Öl und Gas, Luft- und Raumfahrt, und marineingenieurwesen, 17-4 is widely used for:

  • Valves, downhole tools, and fittings that are both strong and magnetic
  • Aerospace hardware and structural parts where inspection, handling, or fixturing leverage magnetism
  • cURL Too many subrequests. (propeller hubs, shafts, and rigging parts) where strength, corrosion resistance, and magnetic workholding all count, especially alongside other marine-grade alloys used in demanding marine Engineering-Anwendungen.

Whenever you need high strength plus reliable magnetism for machining, handling, or separation, 17-4 stainless is one of the most practical stainless options on the table.

When 17-4 Stainless Magnetism Is a Problem

Even though 17-4 stainless steel is strong, hard, and corrosion-resistant, its magnetic behavior can be a dealbreaker in some setups.

MRI and Medical Environments

For MRI rooms, surgical tools near imaging equipment, and certain implants, any magnetic stainless, including 17-4, is usually a no-go. The strong magnetic field can:

  • Pull or shift magnetic parts
  • Distort imaging results
  • Create safety risks around the magnet

In these cases, you want fully austenitic, non-magnetic stainless or even non-ferrous metals like titanium or certain Kupferlegierungen instead of 17-4.

Precision Instruments and Sensors

In labs, metrology setups, and sensor housings, 17-4’s magnetism can:

  • Skew readings on load cells, Hall sensors, magnetometers
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Limitations vs non-magnetic stainless grades

Compared with fully non-magnetic austenitic grades like 304 or 316, magnetic 17-4 stainless has some trade-offs:

  • Not suitable where “zero magnetism” is required – MRI rooms, sensitive lab gear, and some defense or aerospace electronics may reject any ferromagnetic material.
  • Higher risk of magnetic interference – Stronger magnetic pull can affect sensors, compasses, and EMI‑sensitive devices.
  • Slightly lower corrosion resistance than 316 – Especially in aggressive chloride or coastal environments.

If your spec calls for cURL Too many subrequests. or “austenitic only,” 17-4 PH is usually not acceptable, even in Condition A.


Balancing magnetism, corrosion resistance, and strength

Here’s the basic trade-off landscape for 17-4 stainless steel magnetism:

Faktor 17-4 PH (magnetic) 304 / 316 (mostly non-magnetic)
cURL Too many subrequests. cURL Too many subrequests. Very low to mild (cold-worked)
Zugfestigkeit Very high (especially H900) Moderat
Hardness / wear Hoch Niedriger
Korrosionsbeständigkeit Good (316 usually better) 316 is excellent, 304 is good
Machining with mag chucks Ausgezeichnet Poor (weak magnetic response)

You’re always trading magnetic response vs corrosion and “clean” non-magnetic behavior. For most industrial users in the U.S., 17-4 hits a sweet spot when you need strength + magnetic workholding + decent corrosion resistance in one material.


How to decide if 17-4 fits your project

Use this quick checklist when deciding if 17-4 stainless steel’s magnetic properties work for your project:

Choose 17-4 if:

  • Sie want a magnet to grab the part (mag chucks, clamps, separation, sensing).
  • Sie benötigen hohe Festigkeit und better hardness than 304/316.
  • Your environment is wet or mildly corrosive, but not extremely chloride-heavy.

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  • 304 stainless steel
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  • Nitrogen-strengthened grades – higher strength while staying austenitic
  • Special non-magnetic alloys – for extreme cases where any pull is unacceptable

Where magnetism is a deal-breaker but you still need good wear or sliding properties, non-ferrous options like precision-machined bronze components can also be a strong fit, especially in fixture hardware or guide elements, similar to what we do in our Bronze-Bearbeitungsdienstleistungen.

17-4 vs 410, 420, and 440C Magnetism

If you’re comparing against other hard stainless grades, keep this in mind:

  • 17-4 PH (Type 630) – strongly magnetic in all heat-treated conditions
  • 410 stainless – martensitic, magnetic, moderate corrosion resistance
  • 420 stainless – higher carbon, hardenable, very magnetic
  • 440C stainless – high hardness, very magnetic, more tool-steel-like behavior

From a magnetism standpoint, 17-4, 410, 420, and 440C are all in the “magnetic” bucket. If your setup needs low or near-zero magnetism, none of these are ideal.

How to Pick the Right Stainless for Magnet-Sensitive Setups

When I’m helping spec stainless for magnet-sensitive environments (lab, medical, aerospace sensors, etc.), I focus on:

  • Magnetism requirement
    • “No visible pull” with a standard shop magnet?
    • Or documented max permeability / max residual magnetism?
  • Umgebung
    • Indoor, outdoor, marine, chemical, food, vacuum?
    • This usually pushes you toward 316 or higher-alloy austenitic cURL Too many subrequests.
  • Strength vs. non-magnetic
    • If high strength matters: consider austenitic + design changes (thicker sections, reinforcement) rather than jumping to 17-4 or 400 series.
  • Verification
    • Ask your supplier for:
      • Grade and condition (annealed vs cold worked)
      • Any magnetic testing data, if your project is critical
      • Certification that material is fully austenitic, solution annealed

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